اثر رطوبت خاک و کود دامی بر تراکم پذیری خاک مزرعه لورک

Soil structure maintenance and stability is an important index indicating sustainable soil management. In this regard, components such as soil moisture and organic matter affect soil compactibility during farm machinery trafficking. Soils in Central Iran are commonly very low in organic matter (OM) and thus susceptible to compaction. This study was conducted to measure the effects of soil moisture content and manure application on soil compactibility. A randomized complete block design with four blocks (replicates) with the treatments nested (split-block) into the blocks was used in the soil (Typic Haplargids), located in Isfahan University of Technology Research Farm (Lavark). One-year aged manure treatments 0, 50, and 100 t ha-1 were incorporated into soil up to the tillage depth (20 cm) by a heavy disc. After five months (July-November), a two-wheel-drive tractor Universal Model U-650 was passed through the field at soil moisture contents of plastic limit (PL), 80% PL (0.8PL), and 60% PL (0.6L), either once (P1) or twice (P2). Bulk density (BD), cone index (CI), and soil sinkage (S) were measured as indices of soil compactibility and trafficability. Adding manure countered the effects of load and wetness on BD and CI, significantly. There was a significant difference between the effects of 50 and 100 t ha-1 of manure on BD but not on CI. Manure application reduced soil sinkage at high moisture contents (PL) but increased it at low moisture contents (0.6PL). Adding manure also reduced the BD and CI of subsoil. Repeating the passage of tractor (P2) increased compaction significantly. The significant increase in BD and CI did no occur at 0.6PL. When no manure was applied even at 0.6PL, there were limitations for trafficability, whereas this limit for 50 t ha-1 treatment was reached at 0.8PL. Results from this study indicate that the manure application at a rate of 50 t ha-1 reduces soil compactibility and increases soil moisture trafficability range.